The Pig Iron and Ferric Alloys

The pig iron

The pig iron is metal nonductile alloy with C content more than 2%, impurities content such as Mn, Si, S up to 0.8; P up to 2.5. It has high casting characteristics which contribute significantly to its application as constructional material. It is processed efficiently by the method of cutting producing high quality surface for friction units and permanent connections.
The pig iron is supplied for the certain industries in casts* and ingots.
There are two types of pig iron in ingots: casting and converting.

The casting pig iron is designed to be used in iron casting mill for casts productions. The pig iron grades L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6 and the pig iron refined by blowing with magnesium grades: LR1, LR2, LR3, LR4, LR5, LR6 are produced based on the purpose of use.

The smelted casting pig iron grades L1-L6 is a high quality iron. The guaranteed quality of pig iron casting is provided by the stable mechanical properties according to the GOST 1412-85, lack of cementite precipitation in casting structure, good processing capacity, lower brittleness of the sides.
The cast iron has stable chemical composition (Manganese, Phosphorous, Sulphur content) because the coke is used instead of sinter in its production.
The chemical composition of casting pig iron L1: Silica 2.8% - 3.2% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.
The chemical composition of casting pig iron L2: Silica 2.8% - 3.5% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.

The chemical composition of casting pig iron L3: Silica 2.4% - 2.8% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.
The chemical composition of casting pig iron L4: Silica 2.0% - 2.4% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.
The chemical composition of casting pig iron L5: Silica 1.6% - 2.0% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.
The chemical composition of casting pig iron L6: Silica 1.2% - 1.6% inclusive; Manganese from 0.2% to 0.9% inclusive; Sulphur 0.02%-0.05%, Phosphorous not more than 0.8%, Aluminium not more than 0,006%, titanium not more than 0.4%, chromium not more than 0,015%, Vanadium not more than 0,01%, Nickel not more than 0,04%.

The converting pig iron is further converted into steel or remelted in iron casting mills for the castings production.
Based on the area of application the converting pig iron is manufactured:
• for the steel smelting industries, grades: P1 and P2
• for the casting industry grades PL1 and PL2;
• Phosphorous grades PF1, PF2, PF3;
• High quality, grades PVK1, PVK2 and PVK3.

Ferrous Alloys

Ferrous alloy is an intermediate alloy of alloying steel components with iron used for steel deoxidation and Ferro alloys addition. Also used for alloying and modification of pig iron.

Ferrosilicon

The ferrosilicon is the smelted in electric furnace silica and metal. There are 11 grades of ferrosilicon are currently produced according to GOST 1415-93. The ferrosilicon is used as oxidative and doping additives for the smelting of the electrical, spring, corrosion and heat resistant steel and also constructional and tool steel, the casting and modification of pig iron.
The surface of ingots and ferrosilicon pieces has to be free from impurities and other foreign materials. The single additives are only allowed to present such as: smelted sand , the traces of non-sticking coating and graphite.
The ferrosilicon is delivered in pieces weighted not more than 25kg or ingot, weight not more than 45kg. The grinded ferrosilicon is delivered by the size grades according to the table.
The ferrosilicon grade FÑ92 of any size category and the rest of the ferrosilicon grades of 5-7 size categories are transported packed in the steel barrels or specialized containers.
The other grades of ferrosilicon are pieces, weight up to 25 kg or ingots (1-4 size categories) are transported in the specialized container or in bulk. .

The ferrotitanium

The ferrotitanium , the ferrous alloy contains up to 35% or more than 60% Ti, 1-7% Al, 1-4,5% Si, up to 3% Cu (the rest is Fe and impurities); the ferrotitanium is manufactured by the aluminothermic method from ilmenite concentrate and titanium wastes (low percentage ferrotitanium, induction furnaces are not used for this method or is produced by the smelting of iron and titanium wastes in the induction furnace (high percentage ferrotitanium).

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